Helicobacter pylori infection is a common bacterial condition that affects the lining of the stomach. It is strongly linked to long-term inflammation of the stomach (chronic gastritis), peptic ulcers, and a higher risk of stomach cancers, including gastric adenocarcinoma and a rare type of lymphoma known as MALT lymphoma. The infection is caused by Helicobacter … Read more
Sinusitis is an inflammatory condition affecting the tissue lining of the paranasal sinuses, a group of air-filled cavities located within the bones around the nose and eyes. Under normal circumstances, these sinuses are lined with a thin layer of mucus that helps trap and remove dust, pathogens, and other particles. When the lining becomes inflamed, … Read more
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone that causes inflammation and often severe pain. It usually develops when germs, most commonly the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, enter and grow inside bone tissue. The infection can spread to the bone through the bloodstream, from nearby infected tissue, or directly after an injury, surgery, or the use of … Read more
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but very serious bacterial infection that spreads quickly and destroys soft tissues such as the skin, fat, and the tissue covering the muscles (fascia). Because of how rapidly it progresses and the high risk of death if untreated, it is considered a medical emergency. The infection usually starts after a … Read more
Otitis media is an infection or inflammation of the middle ear, the space just behind the eardrum. It is especially common in children, although people of any age can be affected. Globally, it is one of the most frequent childhood illnesses and a major reason children visit doctors or receive antibiotics. Common symptoms include ear … Read more
Q fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. This bacterium is very tough and can survive in harsh conditions. Q fever is a zoonosis, which means it spreads naturally from animals to humans. People usually become infected by inhaling tiny contaminated particles in the air, especially around farm animals such as … Read more
Gastroenteritis is an illness that causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines. Its main symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain, cramps, and sometimes fever. It is often called the “stomach flu,” although it is not related to influenza. The most common causes are viruses such as norovirus and rotavirus, or bacteria such as Escherichia coli … Read more
Typhoid fever is a serious illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. It spreads mainly through eating food or drinking water contaminated with the feces or urine of an infected person. The disease is most common in places with poor sanitation, limited clean water, and inadequate hygiene. Symptoms usually start with a lasting high fever, … Read more
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, bladder, ureters (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder), and urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body). Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type … Read more
Bacterial infections are a common health concern that affect millions of people worldwide (Bhattarai, 2021). They can range from minor skin infections to life-threatening illnesses, and can be caused by a variety of different bacteria (Rotstein, 2008). Bacteria are microscopic organisms that can live in a variety of environments, including soil, water, and the human … Read more