Shigellosis is an acute, highly contagious infectious disease caused by gram-negative bacteria of the genus Shigella, which includes four major species: S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, and S. sonnei. It primarily affects the intestines, leading to inflammation of the colon (colitis), and is characterized by diarrhea that may range from mild to severe, often … Read more
Diphtheria is an acute and highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It primarily affects the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, including the throat and nose. A characteristic feature of the disease is the formation of a thick, gray or white pseudomembrane, which can obstruct the airway and lead to breathing difficulties. … Read more
Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis in North America). Early symptoms typically include fever, fatigue, and a characteristic skin lesion known as erythema migrans. If left untreated, the infection can spread to joints, the nervous system, and … Read more